vUrNyk; (Jerusalem)

(mkupf;if)

'rhNyk;"; vd;W njhlf;fj;jpy; nrhy;yg;gl;lJ. 

gupRj;j efuk; vd;W Vrhah 52:1y; nrhy;yg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. mijg;gw;wpa ehyhapu tUl tuyhW cz;L. vfpg;jpd; ghHNthd; ,uh[hf;fSila gpuge;jq;fspy; ,ijg;gw;wpf; Fwpj;Js;sJ. mf;fhyj;jpy; ,J 'cUrNyk"; vdg;gl;lJ.

fp.K. gjpdhd;fhk; E}w;whz;by; vUrNyik murhz;l Vtpa ,uh[hf;fspd; Qhgf vOj;Jf;fSk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

Mgpufhikr; re;jpf;fg;Nghd nky;fpNrNjf;F rhNykpd; ,uh[h vdg;gl;lhH (Mjp.14:18> rq;.76:2). ,jpypUe;J mf;fhyj;jpNyNa ,J gagf;jpf;Fupa ,lkhf ,Ue;jjhfj; njupfpwJ.

NahRth fhdhidf; ifg;gw;wpd fhyj;jpy;> vUrNyk; ,uh[hthapUe;j mNjhdpNrNjf;if nfhiy nra;jhd; (NahR.10:1-27). gpd;dH ele;j Aj;jj;jpy; ,];uNtyH vUrNyikg; gpbj;J> mf;fpdpf;F ,iuahdhHfs; (fp.K.1440). MfpYk; vg+rpaH vUrNyik tpl;Lg; Nghftpy;iy (epah.1:8-21).

jhtPJ vgpNuhdpy; Voiu tU\k; ,uh[hthapue;j gpd; vUrNyikj; jiyefuhf;Fk;gb mijf; ifg;gw;wpdhd; (fp.K. 1040> 2. rhK.5:6-9). vg+rpaupd; rPNahd; gl;lzk;> jhtPjpd; efukhapw;W. jhtPJ NjtDila ngl;bia vUrNykf;Ff; nfhz;L te;J itj;jhd; (2.rhK.6k; mjpfhuk;). gpd;G Njthyak; fl;lg;gl;l kiyg; gFjp Nky;gl;lzk; vd;Wk; jhtPjpd; efuk; fPo;g;gl;lzk; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gl;lJ.

rhNyhNkhd; ,uh[hthdNghJ mq;Nf kjpy;fisf; fl;b mNef rPHjpUj;jq;fisr; nra;jhd;. mtDila mUQ; nray;> xU tpNr\ Njthyak; fl;b Kbj;jNj (fp.K.1004).

mtd; kupj;jgpd; ,uh[;[k; ,uz;lhfg; gpupe;jNghJ (fp.K.933) vUrNyk; a+jh Njrj;jpd; jiyefukhapw;W. nuNfhngahk; ,uh[hthfpa Ie;J tU\j;Jf;Fs;> vfpg;jpa Nridfs; Njthyaj;ijAk;> ,uh[h khspifiaAk; nfhs;isabj;jdH (1.,uh[h.14:25-31).

Nahuhk; ,uh[hthapue;j ehl;fspy; ngyp];jUk;> mugpaUk; muz;kidiaf; nfhs;isabj;Jf;nfhz;L NghdhHfs; (2.ehsh.21:16-17  fp.K.851).

mkj;rpah ,uh[hthapUe;jNghJ> ,];uNtypd; ,uh[h Nahth]; myq;fj;jpd; xU gFjpia ,bj;J> Myaj;jpypUe;j nghf;fp\q;fis vLj;Jf;nfhz;L Nghdhd; (2.ehsh.25:21-24>  fp.K.836). crpah ,uh[h ,bf;fg;gl;l myq;fj;ijj; jpUk;gf; fl;bdhd; (fp.K.789-772).

a+jhtpd; ,uh[hthfpa vNrf;fpah Myaj;jpd; fjTfspypUe;j nghd; jfLfisf; fow;wp> mrPupah ,uh[hTf;Ff; nfhLj;jhd; (2.,uh[h.18:16). fp.K. 586y; ghgpNyhd; ,uh[hthfpa NeGfhj;Ner;rhH> vUrNyikg; gpbj;J> gl;lzj;ijAk; Myaj;ijAk; mopj;jhd;.

vUrNyk; ngHrpahtpd; MSiff;Fs;shdNghJ NfhNu]; ,uh[htpd; fl;lisg;gb rpiwg;gl;Lg; NghapUe;j a+jH jpUk;gp jq;fs; Njrj;Jf;Fg; Ngha; Myaj;ijf; fl;bdhHfs; (v];.1:3>  fp.K.538).

gpd;G neNfkpah efuj;jpd; myq;fj;ijf; fl;b gpujp\;il nra;jhd; (neNfkp.12k; mjpfhuk;> fp.K.465-425).

kfh mnyf;re;jH> ngHrpahitj; Njhw;fbj;J> mtHfSila ,uh[;aj;ijj; jd; trkhf;fpdNghJ> vUrNyk; mjDila MSiff;Fs;shapw;W (fp.K.332).

mtd; kupj;jNghJ mtDila NrdhjpgjpfspnyhUtd;> njhNyhNkA (Ptolomais) vUrNyikg; gpbj;Jj; jd; ,uh[;aj;Jf;Fs;shf;fpdhd; (fp.K.320).

fp.K. 198y; vUrnyk; rPupa ,uh[hthfpa %d;whk; me;jpNahF vd;gtdhy; ifg;gw;wg;gl;lJ. Kg;gJ tUlq;fspd; gpd; ehd;fhk; me;jpNahF vg;gpNgnd]; (Epiphanes) vUrNykpd; myq;fj;ij ,bj;J Myaj;ij; nfhs;isabj;J mijj; jPl;Lg;gLj;jp xU rPupa gl;lhsj;ijAk; itj;jhd; (fp.K.168).

kf;fnga A+jh]; vd;gtd; fyfk;gz;zp (fp.K 165) vUrNyikf; ifg;gw;wp Njthyaj;ijg; gpujp\;il gz;zpdhd;. mtDf;Fg;gpd; mNef tU\q;fshf vUrNyk; RahjPd; ngw;wpUe;jhd; (165-135).

fp.K 63-y; vgpnuaUf;Fs;NsNa gphptpid cz;lhfp xUtNuhnlhUtH rz;il gz;zpdjpdpkpj;jk;;> NuhkH gilnaLj;Jte;J> rkhjhdg;gLj;jp> vgpnuaiuj; jpiw nfhLf;Fk; gb nra;jhHfs;. mg;nghOJ NuhkUf;F cjtpahapUe;j me;jpg;Ngw;wH vd;gtDf;F Nuhk Njrhjpgj;jpak; nfhLj;J> mtid vUrNykpy; mjpfhhpahf itj;jhHfs; (fp.K 40).

fp.K 40-y; mtd; khpj;jNghJ> mtDila kfd; kfh VNuhJ> A+NjahTf;F mjpgjpahf epakpf;fg;gl;L> gpd;G ,uh[hthf;fg;gl;lhd;. ,td; vUrNykpy; tpNrl rPHj;jpUj;jq;fs; nra;J> Njthyaj;ijAk;> jpUk;gf; fl;lj;njhlq;fpdhd;. ehw;gj;jhW tUlq;fspd; gpd;dNu me;j NtiyKbe;jJ (Nahthd; 2:20).

VNuhJ vUrNyik myq;fhpj;J khl khspffisAk;> Nfhl;il NfhGuq;fisAk; fl;bdhd;. Nuhk murhq;f fOFf; nfhbiag; nghd;dhy; nra;J Njthya thrypy; epWj;jpdjpdpkpj;jk;> A+jH fyfk; gz;zpdhHfs;. fp.K 4y; VNuhJ khpj;jhd;. ekJ Mz;ltUk; me;ehs;fspy; gpwe;jhH. VNuhJ mHnfyhA fp.K 4  Kjy; fp.K 6 tiu NjrhjpgjpahapUe;jhd;. mf;fhyj;jpy; xt;nthU g];fh gz;bif NtisapYk; fyfq;fs; cz;lhfp> mNef A+jH nfhy;yg;gl;lhHfs;. 

nghe;jpA gpyhj;J (fp.gp 26-37) NjrhjpgjpahapUe;j fhyj;jpy; ,NaR rpYitapyiwAz;L nfhy;yg;gl;lhH.

fp.gp 62y; A+jH nt];Ngrpadpd; ehs;fspy; Nuhk murhl;rpf;F tpNuhjkhf vOk;gpdjpdpkpj;jk;> Nuhk gl;lhsq;fs; te;J vUrNyik Kw;Wifapl;Lf; ifg;gw;pwd. gpd;G fp.gp 70y; jPj;J vd;Dk; Nrdhjpgjp vUrNyik  Kw;wha;r; Rl;nlhpj;J mopj;jhd;. mjd;gpd; 60 tUlk; mikjpapUe;J.

fp.gp 132 y; A+jUila filrpf; fyfk;> ghHnfhr;rh (Barkocha) vd;gtdhy; Vw;gl;lJ. Mjphpad; (Gadrian) vd;Dk; Nuhk ,uhad; mijf; fPo;g;gLj;jpdgpd; NjthyakpUe;j ,lj;jpy; A+g;gpw;wUf;F xU Nfhapiyf; fl;bdNjhL> A+jnuy;yhiuAk; Juj;jptpl;lhd;. gpd;G Mjphpad; xU Nfhapiyf; fl;b> jd;Dila nrh&gj;ij mjw;Fs; epWj;jpdhd;.

fp.gp 33 y; fhd;];ld;ild; (Constantine) ,uhadhf te;J> fpwp];jt khHf;fj;ij jOtpf;nfhz;L> vUrNykpy; ,NaR mlf;fk;gz;zg;gl;l ,lj;jpy; xU Nfhapiyf; fl;Ltpj;jhd;. A+jUk; mNef fl;Lkhdq;fis vOg;gpdhHfs;.

Vwf;Fiwa %d;W E}w;whz;Lfshf ,g;gb ele;jgpd; fp.gp 614 y; ngHrpaH kWgbAk; A+jiuj; Jd;GWj;jpdhHfs;. ghpRj;j fl;lq;fisAk; mopj;jhHfs;.

fp.gp 637 y; fhypg; XkhH vd;gtd; KfkjpaNuhL te;J> vUrNyikf; ifg;gw;wpdhd;. fp.gp 691 y; my;Jy;kypf; vd;gtd; Njthyak; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpNyNa xU gs;spthriyf; fl;b mjw;F 'XkhH gs;sp" vd;W ngahpl;lhd;. ,g;NghJk; mJ ,Uf;fpwJ. mtHfs; fpwp];jtHfisAk;> A+jHfisAk; jaNthL elj;jpdhHfs;.

fp.gp 1099y; rpYit tPuHfs; (Crusaders) vUrNyikf; ifg;gw;wp 88 tUlk; MSif nra;jhHfs;. mtHfs; mNef Nfhapy;fis vOg;gp NtW rPHj;jpUj;jq;fisAk; nra;jhHfs;.

fp.K 1192y; vfpg;jpadhfpa ryjPd; (Saladin) vUrNyikf; ifg;gw;wpdhd;. 

fp.gp 1229 y; n[Hkdp Njrj;J gul;hpf; (Fredrick of Germany) rkhjhd cld;gbf;if nra;J vUrNykpy; Nfhapy; fl;bdhd;.

fp.gp 1517 y; JUf;fH (Ottoman Trucks) vUrNyikj; jq;fs; trkhf;fp mNef rPHj;jpUj;jq;fs; nra;jhHfs;. Riykhd; (Sulaiman) vd;gtd; kjpy;fisf; fl;b> gl;lgzj;ijr; rPHg;gLj;jpdhd;. ,g;nghOJ ,Uf;Fk; kjpy; mtdhy; fl;lg;glnjd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ.

vUrNyk; fp.gp 1517 njhlq;fp JUf;fpaUila MSiff;Ff; fPopUf;Fk;NghJ fp.gp 1914y; Kjyhk; cyf kfh Aj;jk; njhlq;fpw;W.

fp.gp 1917 Mk; Mz;L khHr; khjk; 1k; jpfjp gphpj;jhdpa Nrdhjpgjp mnyd;gp (Allenby) vd;gtd; vUrNyikf; ifg;gw;wpdhd;. Aj;jk; Kbe;jgpd; cyf If;fpa rq;fk; (League og Nations) vUrNyikg; gphpj;jhdpahpd; Vfhjpgj;jpaj;jpw;Fs; itj;jJ. mjd;gpd; A+jH gy Njrq;fspYkpUe;J te;J> mq;Nf FbNawpdhHfs;.

fp.gp 1948 y; A+jUf;Fk;> mugpaUf;Fkpilapy; Njrk; gphpf;fg;gl;lNghJ gioa efuk; KOtJk; NahHjhd; ,uh[;aj;ijr; NrHe;jJ. rPNahd; kiyAk;> NtW rpy ,lq;fSk; ,];uNtyUf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;ld. A+jH RahjPdk; ngw;Wj; jq;fs; murhl;rpiaj; njhlq;fpdhHfs;. ,];uNtypd; muR (State of Israel) vd;W ngaHitj;J vUrNyikj; jiyefuhf;fpdhHfs;. mNef fl;Lkhdq;fis vOg;gp> tPL thry;fisf; fl;b vUrNyik xU tpNr\pj;j gl;lzkhf;fpdhHfs;.

MdhYk; mtHfisr; Rw;wpapUf;fpw muhgpaH mtHfis tpNuhjpj;J> mtHfs; Njrj;ij ,y;yhkw; gz;zNt Nehf;fkhapUe;jhHfs;. mNef jlitfspy; ,U gFjpahUf;Fkpilapy; rz;ilr; rr;ruT ele;Jnfhz;Nl te;jJ.

fp.gp 1967y; ,];uNtyH jhq;fs; RahjPdk; ngw;w gj;njhd;gjhk; tUlj; jpUehisf; nfhz;lhbdhHfs;. 

fp.gp 1967Mk; Mz;L vfpg;J Njrj;J jiytd; ehrH (Nasser) vd;gtd; kw;w mgpa Njrq;fisr; NrHj;Jf;nfhz;L> ,];uNtyNuhL Aj;jk; nra;Ak; Nehf;fj;NjhL (Akaba) mfgh Flhf;fliy ,];uNtyH cgNahfpf;ff; $lhnjd;W fl;lis gpwg;gpj;jhd;. clNd Aj;jk; njhlq;fp> ,];uNtyH rj;JUf;fisj; Njhw;fbj;J vUrNyk;> ngj;yNfk;> vhpNfh gl;lzq;fisAk;> NahHjhd;> rPdha; Njrq;fspd; gFjpfisAk;> MW ehs;fspy; ifg;gw;wpdhHfs;.

mg;nghOJ cyf If;fpa rq;fj;jhH mnkhpf;fhtpy; $b Aj;jj;ij epWj;jpdhHfs;. MdhYk; rkhjhdk; cz;lhftpy;iy ehrH vd;gtd; u\;ahtpd; cjtpia vjpHghHj;J ,];uNtYf;F tpNuhjkhapUe;jhd;.

1967 Mk; Mz;L ,];uNty; Nrdhjpgjp jahd; (Dayan) Gyk;gy; kjpyUNf epd;W nfhz;L 'ehk; ,g;NghJ ghpRj;j ];jyj;Jf;F te;Jtpl;Nlhk;> ,ij ,dp ehk; xUNghJk; tpl;Lf; nfhLf;fkhl;Nlhk;" vd;W $wpdhH. gpujk ke;jphp v];NfhYk; mij Mjhpj;jhH.

kWehs;> gj;njhd;gJ Mz;Lfshf NahHjhDf;Fk;> ,];uNtYf;Fk; eLNt epd;w jLg;Gr;RtH jfHf;fg;gl;lJ. 'Gw[hjpahhpd; fhyk; epiwNtWkl;Lk; vUrNyk; Gw[hjpauhy; kpjpf;fg;gLk;" vd;W ekJ Mz;ltH $wpagb (Y}f;fh 21:23) vUrNyk; jpUk;gTk; A+jH iftrkhapw;W.

,J Gw[hjpahuhfpa ekf;Fk; XH vr;rhpg;ghFk;. fpUigapd; fhyk; Kbtile;Jtpl;lNjh? vUrNyikg;gw;wp ekf;Fs;s gw;Wjypd; fhuzk;> ekJ Mz;ltH cyfj;jpypUe;j ehs;fspy; mq;NfNa jkJ [Ptpaj;ijf; fopj;jhH vd;gNj. 

mtH gpwe;J> 12 tJ tajpy; kfh vNuJtpdhy; fl;lg;gl;l kfj;Jtkhd Njthyaj;Jf;F> g];fh gz;bif ehs;fspy; te;J %d;W ehs; jq;fpapUe;jhH (Y}f;fh 2:41-50).

gpd;G jdJ Copaj;ijj; njhlq;fpaNghJ> g];fh gz;bif ehl;fspy; Njthyaj;Jf;F te;J> ML> khL tpw;fpwtHfisAk;> fhRf;fhuiuAk; Juj;jptpl;lhH (Nahthd; 2:13-17). 

kw;nwhUKiw Njthyaj;Jf;Fg; gtdpNghd Ntisapy; [dq;fs; Xrd;dh vd;W nrhy;yp MHg;ghpj;jhHfs;. 

,NaR kWgbAk; Njthayj;ijr; rj;jpfhpj;J> mNef mw;Gjq;fisr; nra;jjpdhy;> gpujhd MrhhpaUk;> Njt ghufUk; mtUf;F tpNuhjkhf vOk;gpdhHfs;. (kj; 21:1-15).

A+jH mtiug; gpbj;J MrhhpaH Kd;Gk;> gpyhj;Jtpd; Kd;Gk; nfhz;LNgha; tprhuiz nra;J Fw;wthspahf;fpdhHfs;.

mjd;gpd; ,NaR epe;jpf;fg;gl;L> Jg;gg;gl;L> thuhy; mbf;fg;gl;L> filrpahf rpYitapyiwag;gl;L> khpj;J mlf;fk;gz;zg;gl;lhH.

jpUk;g %d;whk; ehs; capHj;njOe;J 40 ehs;fshf mNefUf;fj; jhprdkhdhH. gpd;G guyhfk; NghdhH. ehd;F RtpNr\q;fspYk; ,itfs; tpthpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

,NaR vUrNyKf;fhf Gyk;gpdhH (kj; 23:37> rf 13:34).

vUrNykpd; mopitg;gw;wp ,NaR $wpdJ (kj;. mjp. 24> khw;. mjp. 13> Y}f; 13:34).

rP\Hfs; vUrNykpy; nge;njnfh];Nj ehspy; ghpRj;jhtpapdhy; epug;gg;gl;lhHfs; (mg; 2:4).

Nkyhd vUrNyk; (Jerusalem Above)

Nkyhd vUrNyNkh RahjPdKs;sts;. mtNsh ek;nky;yhUf;Fk; jhahdts; (fyh 4:26). mjhtJ ,t;Tyf vUrNyk; A+jUila tuyhw;Wf;FhpaJ. (Nkyhd vUrNyk;). fpwp];jtHfSila Vw;ghl;Lf;Nfw;wJ. mjpNy> fpwp];Jit tpRthrpg;gtHfs;> A+jNuh> Gw[hjpahNuh vy;yhUf;Fk; RahjPdKz;L. 

Gjpa vUrNyk; (New Jerusalem)

 

'Gjpa vUrNykhfpa ghpRj;j efuk;.... guNyhfj;ij tpl;L ,wq;fptu fz;Nld;" vd;W Nahthd; nrhy;Yfpwhd; (ntsp 21:2). ,J ghpRj;jkhf;fg;gl;l fpwp];jt rigiaf; fUJfpwJ. Ntjhfkj;jpy; gy ,lq;fspy; ntt;NtW Mrphpauhy; Fwpj;Js;sd (vgp 11:10> 12:22> vNg 1:23).